一种罕见的真菌感染可能侵袭健康人，在美国各地呈上升趋势，促使公共卫生官员呼吁提高警惕并开展全国性追踪。
A rare fungal infection that can strike healthy people is rising across the U.S., prompting calls from public health officials for heightened awareness and national tracking.
根据疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）的一份新报告，Cladophialophora bantiana（C. bantiana）是一种类似黑酵母的霉菌，可感染大脑并含有一种称为黑色素的深色色素。
Cladophialophora bantiana (C. bantiana) is a black yeast-like mold that can infect the brain and contains a dark pigment called melanin, according to a new report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
华盛顿大学微生物学实验室的数据显示，该真菌的检测率在2023年至2025年间几乎增加了四倍。
Data from a microbiology laboratory at the University of Washington shows that detection of the fungus nearly quadrupled between 2023 and 2025.
路易斯安那州8岁女孩因疑似感染与湖泊游泳相关的食脑阿米巴虫而死亡 研究人员在2009年1月至2026年7月期间，从21个州和哥伦比亚特区的组织样本中鉴定出48例确诊病例和1例可能病例的C. bantiana感染。患者的中位年龄为68岁。
LOUISIANA GIRL, 8, DIES AFTER CONTRACTING SUSPECTED BRAIN-EATING AMOEBA LINKED TO LAKE SWIM Between January 2009 and July 2026, researchers identified 48 confirmed cases and one probable case of C. bantiana in tissue samples from 21 states and the District of Columbia. The median patient age was 68 years old.
与主要影响免疫系统较弱人群的许多真菌感染不同，约一半的C. bantiana感染发生在原本健康的人身上。
Unlike many fungal infections that mainly affect people with weakened immune systems, about half of C. bantiana infections occur in otherwise healthy people.
研究人员认为，这种霉菌通过吸入或经皮肤伤口进入人体，随后通过血液循环到达大脑。
Researchers believe the mold enters the body when it is inhaled or through a skin wound, then travels through the bloodstream to the brain.
CDC报告指出，88%的病例是在脑组织样本中被检测到的，12%是在肺组织中被发现的，这支持了呼吸道吸入是主要传播途径之一的理论。
The CDC report states that 88% of cases were detected in brain tissue samples and 12% were identified in lung tissue, supporting the theory that respiratory inhalation is one of the main transmission mechanisms.
致命的“狐狸绦虫”与致命疾病相关，在美国西海岸野生动物中被检测到 根据发表在《医学真菌学》上的系统综述，这种真菌会引起严重感染，即使经过积极的医疗干预，其致死率仍高达60%至70%。
DEADLY ‘FOX TAPEWORM’ LINKED TO LETHAL DISEASE DETECTED IN WEST COAST WILDLIFE The fungus causes a severe infection associated with a 60% to 70% fatality rate, even with aggressive medical intervention, according to a systematic review published in Medical Mycology.
该病原体历来较为罕见，华盛顿大学实验室在2009年至2023年间每年仅发现一至五例病例。然而，CDC表示，2024年年度病例激增至八例，2025年升至14例。
The pathogen has historically been rare, with the University of Washington laboratory identifying only one to five cases per year between 2009 and 2023. However, the CDC says annual cases surged to eight in 2024 and reached 14 in 2025.
为确保增加不是仅仅由于检测增多所致，研究人员将感染病例数与接受真菌检测的脑组织样本总数进行了比较。
To make sure the increase wasn’t simply due to more testing, researchers compared the number of infections with the total number of brain tissue samples tested for fungi.
点击此处查看更多健康新闻 他们发现，检测到的病例从2017年至2023年的每1000份标本8.4例增加到2025年的每1000份标本26例。
CLICK HERE FOR MORE HEALTH STORIES They found that detections rose from 8.4 cases per 1,000 specimens during 2017–2023 to 26 cases per 1,000 specimens in 2025.
“导致明显增加的原因尚不清楚，”疾控中心报告指出，呼吁建立系统性的全国报告机制，以更好地追踪该病原体。
"Reasons for the apparent increase are unknown," the CDC report stated, calling for systematic national reporting mechanisms to better track the pathogen.
病例报告遍及广泛的地理范围，其中病例最多的地区为加利福尼亚州（6例）、佛罗里达州（5例）、得克萨斯州（5例）和宾夕法尼亚州（4例）。
Cases were reported across a wide geographic range, with the highest counts originating in California (six), Florida (five), Texas (five) and Pennsylvania (four).
由于白色念珠菌（C. bantiana）通常表现为脑脓肿，且没有明显的外部感染迹象，专家表示早期诊断具有挑战性。
Because C. bantiana typically manifests as a brain abscess without clear external signs of infection, experts say early diagnosis is challenging.
在华盛顿大学医学中心的一例有记录的死亡病例中，脑脊液PCR检测在脑活检前一个月以及活检时均呈阴性，凸显了检测这种霉菌的困难。
In one documented fatal case at the University of Washington Medical Center, spinal fluid PCR tests returned negative results both one month prior to and at the time of a brain biopsy, highlighting the difficulty of detecting the mold.
公共卫生专家建议临床医生在评估出现脑脓肿迹象的患者时，应考虑是否感染了白色念珠菌（C. bantiana）。治疗通常包括手术切除感染组织，并联合使用多种抗真菌药物。
Public health experts advise clinicians to consider C. bantiana when evaluating patients who have signs of a brain abscess. Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the infected tissue, along with multiple antifungal medications.