特朗普撤销了俄罗斯能源出口强制适用的大额关税，这是他上个月签署的法律要求的，而这些措施使得他推动降低美墨油价的计划变得复杂，即将于美国中期选举前举行。
Donald Trump waived massive tariffs linked to Russian energy exports mandated in a law that he signed last month, as the measures complicated his push to lower diesel prices ahead of the US midterm elections.
特朗普援引法律中的豁免条款，该条款由已故参议员林赛·格雷厄姆（Lindsey Graham）倡导，旨在惩罚俄罗斯因其入侵乌克兰而受到的制裁。该法律还将对俄罗斯实施并扩大制裁。
Trump invoked a waiver clause under the law, which was championed by the late Senator Lindsey Graham as a way to punish Russia for its invasion of Ukraine. The law also codified and expanded sanctions targeting Moscow.
“我特此豁免《格雷厄姆法案》所规定的制裁、限制和关税的适用，”特朗普在周五晚些时候发布的行政令中表示，“我已向国会提交认证，声明在此时豁免发布符合美国的国家利益。”
“I am hereby waiving the application of such sanctions, restrictions, and duties provided for in the Graham Act. I have submitted to the Congress a certification that the issuance of such a waiver at this time is in the national interests of the United States,” Trump said in an executive order released late Friday.
该指令形式上规定了关税，但暂停了其实施，意味着特朗普若愿意，可以在其他时间重新实施这些关税。
The directive does formally impose the tariffs, while suspending their implementation, meaning that Trump could apply them at another time if he chooses.
该措施要求特朗普在30天内对俄罗斯前五大原油买家的所有商品征收100%关税，同时对大量俄罗斯实体实施制裁，并对美国进口俄罗斯能源产品征收500%的关税。该期限将于10月18日到期。
The measure gave Trump 30 days to impose 100% tariffs on all goods from the top five buyers of Russian crude. It would also slap sanctions on numerous Russian entities and impose 500% tariffs on all US imports of Russian energy products. That one month deadline was set to expire on Oct. 18.
这些条款与他上周宣布的计划相冲突，即与俄罗斯总统普京合作，将该国的柴油供应释放到全球市场中，以期在11月3日前的选举前降低美国柴油价格，该价格已长期居高不下。
Those provisions conflict with his plan — announced last week — to work with Russian President Vladimir Putin to release the country’s diesel supplies into global markets. Trump is seeking to lower US diesel prices that are hovering at record highs weeks before the Nov. 3 elections.
豁免关税可能招致国会部分成员的强烈反对，包括许多此前对其关于俄罗斯柴油决定表示愤怒的共和党议员。本周，一群跨党派参议员联名签署信件，要求特朗普撤销与普京的协议，并执行《格雷厄姆法案》的规定。
Waiving the tariffs risks fresh pushback from members of Congress, including many Republicans who were outraged by his decision on Russian diesel. A bipartisan group of senators signed a letter this week demanding that Trump rescind the deal with Putin and enforce the provisions of the Graham law.
豁免该法律也避免了与俄罗斯能源主要买家中国、印度和土耳其可能产生的冲突。
Waiving the law also avoids a potential clash with the top purchasers of Russian energy products, China, India and Turkey.
格雷厄姆是南卡罗来纳州的共和党人，也是乌克兰的长期支持者，他在7月去世前起草了该法案，其通过被视为纪念他的一种方式。格雷厄姆多次表示，此类制裁是让普京回到谈判桌、结束其对乌克兰全面入侵的关键，而该入侵如今已进入第五年。
Graham, a South Carolina Republican and longtime champion of Ukraine, wrote the bill before he died in July and its passage was seen as a way of honoring him. Graham had repeatedly called such sanctions the key to bringing Putin to the negotiating table to end his full-scale invasion of Ukraine, which is in its fifth year.