
国务卿马尔科·卢比奥已离开华盛顿,开启其作为美国最高外交官的第31次出访,前往乌兹别克斯坦和印度。此行正值传言称他正忽视紧迫议题,转而选择更具政治安全性的访问和会晤。
Secretary of State Marco Rubio has left Washington on his 31st trip abroad as America’s top diplomat, heading to Uzbekistan and India amid rumblings that he’s ignoring pressing matters in favor of more politically safe visits and meetings.
马修·李 华盛顿 — — 作为国务卿,马尔科·卢比奥第31次出访国外,前往乌兹别克斯坦,随后前往印度。此行正值传言称美国最高外交官正忽视紧迫议题,转而选择更具政治安全性的访问和会晤。
MATTHEW LEE WASHINGTON — For the 31st time as secretary of state, Marco Rubio has left on a trip abroad, flying to Uzbekistan and later India amid rumblings that America’s top diplomat is ignoring pressing matters in favor of politically safer visits and meetings.
此次访问旨在推动美国与中南亚的经济与安全关系,但其与特朗普政府当前在中东及俄乌战争中的主要外交困境仅有关联。卢比奥毫不道歉地坚持自己既是唐纳德·特朗普总统的首席外交官,也是国家安全顾问的角色,并驳回了他正回避最棘手问题、转而选择风险较低、政治损害较小的“低垂果实”外交议题的建议。
This tour is intended to promote U.S. economic and security ties with Central South Asia But it has only tangential links to the Trump administration’s current main foreign policy dilemmas in the Middle East and with the Russia-Ukraine war Rubio has been unapologetic about his role as both President Donald Trump’s chief diplomat and national security adviser and has brushed aside suggestions that he is eschewing the most difficult issues in favor of taking on lower-hanging diplomatic fruit with less risk of failure and political damage.
“这是一段重要的关系,”鲁比奥周六在离开华盛顿前对记者说,他指出自己选择了一个中亚领导人能够会面的时间。“受影响的事情之一是战略访问——你总是在有危机或有问题的地方访问,或者因为有会议而去,但有些国家你想去,因为我们想与它们建立关系。”
“It’s an important relationship,” Rubio told reporters Saturday before departing Washington, noting that he selected a time when the Central Asian leaders would be able to meet. “One of the things that suffers is the strategic visits — you’re always visiting someplace where there’s a crisis or there’s a problem, or you’re going because there’s a conference, but there’s countries you’d like to get to because we want to build our relationships with them.”
国务院对任何关于鲁比奥日程的批评进行了反驳。它表示,鲁比奥的“责任不是围绕每一个挑战制造公众形象;而是帮助总统制定并执行推进美国利益的战略。一些最重要的外交工作是在公众视线之外进行的。”
The State Department pushed back on any criticism of Rubio’s schedule. It says Rubio’s “responsibility is not to generate a public profile around every challenge; it is to help the president develop and execute a strategy that advances American interests. Some of the most consequential diplomatic work takes place outside the public spotlight.”
在两个角色中,鲁比奥还必须“将这些挑战视为更大战略图景的一部分”,国务院在给《美联社》的询问的冗长电子邮件回复中如此表示。“伊朗、加沙以及俄乌冲突各自都需要严肃关注,但它们不能脱离总统更广泛的国家安全目标孤立地来处理。正确的问题不是秘书是否在某个特定议题上足够可见。”鲁比奥同时参与许多事情。
In both roles, Rubio must also “look at these challenges as part of a larger strategic picture,” the department said in a lengthy emailed reply to queries from The Associated Press. “The Iran, Gaza, and the Russia-Ukraine conflicts each demand serious attention, but they cannot be approached in isolation from the president’s broader national security objectives. The right question is not whether the secretary is visible enough on a particular issue.”
鲁比奥正在参与关于伊朗、黎巴嫩、加沙和中国的幕后讨论,尽管他并未成为这些议题的公众面孔。共和党总统的特使,如史蒂夫·威特科夫、贾里德·库什纳和汤姆·巴拉克,在这些事务上已经主导。
Rubio is involved in many things at once Rubio is involved in behind-the-scenes discussions on Iran Lebanon Gaza China although he has not been the public face of any of them. The Republican president’s special envoys such as Steve Witkoff, Jared Kushner and Tom Barrack have taken the lead on those matters.
国务院表示,这没有什么不寻常的,并坚持认为卢比奥“从未回避任何问题”。
The State Department says there is nothing unusual about this and maintains that Rubio “hasn’t shied away from any issue.”
“他在其中直接参与,并作为总统在最重要事务上的值得信赖且有能力的顾问。”国务院表示。“虽然他身兼多职,但他不是白宫新闻秘书,他的工作也不是24小时不间断地出现在媒体面前。”
“He’s directly involved and serves as a trusted and capable adviser to the president on what matters most,” the department said. “While he has multiple jobs, he isn’t the White House press secretary and his job isn’t to be in the press 24/7.”
卢比奥一直专注于拉美地区,尤其是委内瑞拉和古巴,致力于加强与新一代特朗普友好的保守派领导人的关系,并巩固与北约盟友的关系——这些盟友对政府对欧洲的意图感到担忧,尤其是在北极地区。
Rubio has concentrated on Latin America particularly Venezuela Cuba bolstering ties with a new generation of Trump-friendly conservative leaders and shoring up relations with NATO allies nervous about the administration’s intentions toward Europe, especially in the Arctic Delegating onerous and particularly time-consuming challenges is not new for secretaries of state.
国务卿委派繁重且特别耗时的挑战并非新事。当希拉里·克林顿在民主党总统贝拉克·奥巴马第一任期内任职时,她任命了前缅因州民主党参议员乔治·米切尔处理以色列-巴勒斯坦事务,并让资深外交官理查德·霍尔布鲁克主导阿富汗-巴基斯坦事务。
When Hillary Clinton was in office during Democratic President Barack Obama’s first term, she appointed former Sen. George Mitchell, D-Maine, to handle the Israeli-Palestinian file and veteran diplomat Richard Holbrooke to steer the Afghanistan-Pakistan portfolio.
克林顿和卢比奥在成为国务卿之前,都曾为各自政党的总统提名而竞选,且两人都有明确的政治抱负,为其外交生涯之后的发展做规划。然而,卢比奥对任何关于其政治意图的讨论都感到不快。他拒绝讨论有关此事的猜测,也拒绝谈论他与副总统JD·万斯之间可能存在的竞争——即谁可能在“让美国再次伟大”运动中继承特朗普的领导地位。
Both Clinton and Rubio had made runs for their parties’ respective presidential nominations before becoming secretary of state, and both had and have clear political ambitions for their post-diplomatic careers. Rubio, however, bristles at any discussion of his political intentions. He has refused to discuss speculation about the subject or on the more delicate topic of a rivalry with Vice President JD Vance over who might succeed Trump at the helm of the “Make America Great Again” movement.
卢比奥最近的外访避开了世界主要热点地区,尽管这些行程聚焦在政府特别关注的地区。卢比奥的助手们迅速指出,国务卿在所有国家安全事务的跨部门讨论中扮演关键角色,并且在大多数,如果不是全部的话,关于政府外交战略的讨论中,他一直是幕后的重要推动者。
Rubio’s most recent foreign travels have avoided the world’s main hot spots, although they have focused on areas in which the administration has shown particular interest. Rubio’s aides are quick to point out that the secretary plays a key role in interagency discussions on all national security matters and has been a major behind-the-scenes actor in most, if not all, discussions on the administration’s diplomatic strategy.
自本月初起,在前往乌兹别克斯坦和印度的当前行程之前,卢比奥曾访问冰岛、希腊和葡萄牙。在此之前,他访问了哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔和秘鲁。
Since the beginning of this month and before his current travels to Uzbekistan and India, Rubio went to Iceland, Greece and Portugal. Before that, he visited Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
国务院表示,卢比奥的行程“由总统的外交政策和国家安全优先事项驱动,而非出于在某些地区牺牲其他地区的意愿”。“每一次旅行、会晤和外交接触都必须在这一更广泛的战略框架内发挥作用。有时这意味着应对紧急危机;有时则意味着建立关系、推进经济和安全伙伴关系,或在挑战变得更难以应对之前加以解决。”他的旅行安排正受到批评,但仍有部分前任美国高级外交官对其行程提出质疑。
Rubio’s schedule “is driven by the president’s foreign policy and national security priorities, not by a desire to focus on some regions at the expense of others,” the State Department said. “Every trip, meeting, and diplomatic engagement has to serve a purpose within that broader strategy. Sometimes that means addressing an immediate crisis; other times, it means building relationships, advancing economic and security partnerships, or addressing emerging challenges before they become more difficult to manage.”His travel agenda is being critiqued Still, some former senior U.S. diplomats have found fault with his travel agenda.
“这些地方都不是美国外交政策制定的场所,”奥巴马时期的北约美国大使伊沃·达勒尔说。“此行符合一种模式。上任二十个月来,卢比奥基本上回避了定义该职位的首都、危机和谈判。”
“None (of these places) is where American foreign policy is being made,” said Ivo Daalder, U.S. ambassador to NATO under Obama. “The trip fits a pattern. Twenty months into the job, Rubio has largely avoided the capitals, the crises, and the negotiations that define the office.”
达勒尔在一篇较长的批评中写道,卢比奥既是国务卿,也是国家安全顾问,要么是事情太多,要么是“他已经计算过,他未来的最佳选择是远离那些可能以失败告终的政策。”伊朗、加沙、乌克兰和中国都是备选对象。
In a lengthy critique, Daalder wrote that Rubio, as both secretary of state and national security adviser, either has too much on his plate or “has calculated that his future is best served by keeping clear of policies likely to end badly. Iran, Gaza, Ukraine, and China are all candidates.”
在涉及中东、俄罗斯和乌克兰以及中国等重大议题的谈判中,“国务卿并不在决策发生的房间里,”他说。“对盟友而言,雷克雅未克、雅典和里斯本的访问传递了一个明确的信息:国务卿只会在你不是问题的时候来见你。当你成为问题时,就去找别人吧。”卢比奥及其团队对这种评价感到不满。
On negotiations over big topics such as the Middle East, Russia and Ukraine, and China “the Secretary of State is not in the room where they happen,” he said. “For allies, the message of Reykjavik, Athens, and Lisbon is clear. The secretary will come to see you when you are not the problem. When you are, call someone else.”Rubio and his staff take umbrage at such assessments.
卢比奥的二号人物、国务院副卿克里斯托弗·兰道反击达勒尔,称其言论典型地反映了外交政策 establishment 的迟钝思维——而他、卢比奥和特朗普正试图改造这种思维。
Rubio’s No. 2, Deputy Secretary of State Christopher Landau, fired back at Daalder, saying it was typical of the turgid thinking of the foreign policy establishment — the one that he, Rubio and Trump are trying to remake.
“在这种观点中,美国国务卿只‘应该’前往北约首都,因为成功的美国外交政策才会让巴黎、柏林和布鲁塞尔的外交同僚举起香槟,为‘共同价值观’干杯,同时敞开边境,摧毁经济,并为西方文明道歉,”兰道写道,他谴责了拉美不值得国务卿花时间的说法。
“In this view, a U.S. secretary of state is only ‘supposed’ to travel to NATO capitals because a successful U.S. foreign policy is what makes diplomatic counterparts in Paris, Berlin, and Brussels raise a champagne toast to ‘shared values’ while flinging open their borders, destroying their economies and apologizing for Western civilization,” Landau wrote, denouncing the suggestion that Latin America is not worth the secretary’s time.
“这种自满的做法不仅在西半球导致了可预见的灾难性后果,也在欧洲本身导致了同样的结果,因为道德虚荣与战略混乱的组合同样证明是有毒的,”兰道说。“但当然:继续举办你们的学术研讨会,写你们没人读的文章,互相颁发毫无意义的奖项,并用鼻子看唐纳德·特朗普和马尔科·卢比奥。”
“This smug approach led not only to predictably catastrophic results in the Western Hemisphere but also in Europe itself, where the combination of moral vanity and strategic incoherence also proved toxic,” Landau said. “But sure: keep holding your academic seminars, writing your unread articles, awarding each other meaningless prizes, and looking down your noses at Donald Trump and Marco Rubio.”