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德国军方在警告俄罗斯袭击之际提高破坏威胁等级German military raises sabotage threat level amid warning of Russian attacks

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维也纳——据德国公共广播公司WDR和《南德意志报》10月21日的报道,德国联邦国防军(Bundeswehr)已将俄罗斯对德国的破坏行动威胁等级提升至第二高级别,并警告称德国军队本身也可能在国内面临袭击。

VIENNA — Germany’s military, the Bundeswehr, has raised its assessment of the Russian sabotage threat to its second-highest level, warning that German forces themselves could face attacks at home, according to a classified internal analysis reported by public broadcaster WDR and newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung on Oct. 21.

该报告指出,这种威胁的严重性可能超出德国军事安全专家之前的预期。此前,专家们的担忧主要集中在为乌克兰军队提供训练的军事设施、海军基地以及造船厂上。而新的评估表明,俄罗斯的破坏行动可能涉及更广泛的目标;安全形势正在全面恶化,且德国方面可能在短期内采取具体应对措施。

The report’s findings point to a potentially broader threat than German military security specialists had previously anticipated. Their concerns had centered on installations training Ukrainian troops, alongside naval bases and shipyards. The new assessment says authorities can no longer geographically confine specific sites deemed vulnerable, warning instead of an all-around deterioration in the security situation, with concrete actions possible in the near term.

此次重新评估的依据是9月在德国北部温斯托夫(Wunstorf)空军基地附近发现的一架疑似坠毁的无人机。据报道,调查人员在无人机附近几米处发现了一个装有爆炸物的容器,他们怀疑这架无人机原本的目标可能是军用飞机而非民用货运飞机。

The reassessment follows the discovery of an apparently crashed drone near Wunstorf air base in northern Germany in September. Investigators found a can containing explosives a few meters away, according to the report. They suspect the aircraft may have targeted military planes rather than civilian cargo aircraft.

WDR和《南德意志报》还提到,根据德国联邦刑事警察局的技术分析,这架无人机可能在温斯托夫基地附近存在了大约两年时间。该无人机的构造与8月初在莱比锡/哈勒(Leipzig/Halle)机场发生的袭击事件中使用的、装有爆炸物的无人机相似;不过,这架无人机的出现时间明显早于莱比锡事件。

WDR and Süddeutsche Zeitung reported that investigators believe the Wunstorf drone had lain near the base for about two years, citing technical analysis by Germany’s Federal Criminal Police Office. Its construction resembled an explosives-equipped drone used in a failed attack at Leipzig/Halle Airport in early August, the outlets reported, though it would have significantly predated the Leipzig incident.

德国军方在分析中区分了这两起事件:莱比锡事件对德国军队的威胁是间接的(目标为乌克兰飞机),而温斯托夫事件的目标很可能是德国联邦国防军本身。报告认为,俄罗斯几乎肯定具备对德国军队及设施(包括在德国的乌克兰相关设施)实施破坏行动的能力,并且很有可能有更大的动机这么做。

The military analysis draws a distinction between the two incidents: While Leipzig presented an indirect threat to German forces, targeting Ukrainian aircraft instead, Wunstorf likely involved the Bundeswehr itself as the target. The assessment describes Russia as almost certainly possessing the capability, and very likely an increased motivation, to act against German forces and facilities, as well as Ukrainian partners in Germany.

该报告还得出结论,俄罗斯将无人机用作武器,越过了此前预期的“红线”,即意图造成物理损坏或潜在致命效果。

It also concludes that Russia’s use of drones as weapons crossed a previously anticipated “red line” involving an intention to cause physical damage or potentially lethal effects.

德国政府在为期一个月的调查后,公开将莱比锡无人机袭击事件归咎于俄罗斯。

The German government has publicly attributed the Leipzig drone attack to Russia following a month-long investigation.

该分析将涉嫌的行动与削弱德国政治界和公众对乌克兰支持的努力联系起来。在作战层面,评估认为,莫斯科试图干扰设备运送和培训,破坏乌克兰自卫能力。

The analysis links the suspected campaign to efforts to weaken political and public support for Ukraine in Germany. At the operational level, it assesses that Moscow seeks to disrupt equipment deliveries and training, undermining Ukraine’s ability to defend itself.

德国联邦国防军作战司令部的一名发言人告诉WDR,由于威胁增加,联邦国防军目前将破坏风险评估为“相当大”,这处于军事风险评估等级的第二高级别,据《南德意志报》报道。

An Operational Command spokesperson told WDR that the Bundeswehr currently considers the sabotage risk “substantial” because of the increased threat. This places it at the second-highest level of the military’s risk assessment scale, SZ reported.

该发言人表示,联邦国防军正在加强其设施的防护措施,以保障人员和设施安全。

The military is strengthening protective measures at its installations to safeguard personnel and facilities, the spokesperson said.

这一警告是在德国“箭-3”导弹防御系统和爱国者导弹维护设施等相关场所上空出现可疑无人机飞行之后发出的。德国安全当局怀疑俄罗斯参与了这些及其他监视事件,据WDR报道。

The warning follows suspicious drone flights over sites associated with Germany’s Arrow 3 missile-defense system and Patriot maintenance facilities. German security authorities suspect Russian involvement in those and other surveillance incidents, WDR reported.

俄罗斯一贯否认参与破坏和混合攻击,并指责德国自导事件以煽动反俄情绪。莫斯科驻柏林大使此前将德国关于莱比锡的指控称为“荒谬”,并将该事件描述为“挑衅”。

Russia has consistently denied involvement in sabotage and hybrid attacks, and has blamed Germany for staging incidents to whip up anti-Russian sentiment. Moscow’s ambassador to Berlin previously dismissed Germany’s allegations over Leipzig as “absurd” and described the incident as a “provocation.”

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