美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）将要求前往美国的外国旅客证明，在过去三周内未曾前往刚果民主共和国（DRC），此举旨在应对当前广泛爆发的埃博拉疫情。
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) will require foreign travelers heading to the U.S. to certify that they have not traveled to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in the last three weeks amid a widespread outbreak of Ebola.
路透社周四率先报道了这一新要求，援引了CDC的一份备忘录。CDC最初制定的规定禁止任何旅客（包括美国公民）在出发前21天内曾到访过刚果民主共和国。《国会山报》已就此联系CDC置评。
Reuters first reported on the new requirement on Thursday, citing a CDC memo. The CDC initially held rules that barred any travelers, including U.S. citizens, from DRC within 21 days before departure. The Hill has reached out to the CDC for comment.
世界卫生组织报告称，截至10月11日，与邦迪布焦毒株埃博拉相关的确诊病例总数超过9000例，确诊死亡病例超过4000例。官员表示，疾病传播“仍处于高位且呈波动状态”，传播趋势显示“疫情呈现转移性和地理上碎片化的特征，而非持续收敛”。美联社周四援引非洲疾病控制与预防中心应急准备主任韦萨姆·曼库拉博士的话报道，肯尼亚和尼日利亚在10月3日确认了首批埃博拉病例，患者可能在乌干达恩德培国际机场交叉接触。非洲卫生官员正寻求追踪并减缓疫情蔓延。
The World Health Organization reported a total of more than 9,000 confirmed cases in connection with the Bundibugyo strain of Ebola, and more than 4,000 confirmed deaths as of Oct. 11. Officials said that the disease’s spread “remains high and fluctuating,” as the trend of the spread suggests “a shifting and geographically fragmented epidemic than sustained contraction.”Kenya and Nigeria confirmed the first cases of Ebola after patients possibly crossed paths at Uganda’s Entebbe International Airport on Oct. 3, The Associated Press reported Thursday, citing Dr. Wessam Mankoula, head of emergency preparedness at the Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. African health officials seek to trace and slow down the outbreak.
尼日利亚卫生部长穆罕默德·帕特就尼日利亚病例告诉美联社：“我们正试图将其遏制住，防止其扩散到社区。”他指出，卫生官员正在追踪44名密切接触者，并已确认更多接触者。
“We are trying to contain it so it doesn’t go out to the communities,” Nigerian Health Minister Muhammed Pate told the AP about the Nigerian case, noting that health officials are tracing 44 contacts and that additional contacts have been identified.
美联社报道称，该患者是一名出生于乌干达的外交官妻子，她上个月在乌干达度假了两周。乌干达当局声称该患者曾前往刚果民主共和国，但尼日利亚卫生官员对此提出异议。
The patient is the Uganda-born wife of a diplomat who vacationed in Uganda for two weeks last month, the AP reported. Ugandan authorities claimed the patient traveled to DCR, but Nigerian health officials disputed that.
肯尼亚目前已记录9例病例，追踪到135名密切接触者，其中134名接触者已被隔离。
Kenya has so far recorded nine cases, with 135 contacts linked and 134 contacts in quarantine.
8月，刚果民主共和国政府请求从全球埃博拉病毒病疫苗储备库释放Ervebo疫苗。管理该储备库的疫苗供应国际协调小组批准首批释放7万剂，非洲疾病控制与预防中心指出。
In August, DCR’s government requested the release of Ervebo vaccines from the global Ebola virus disease vaccine stockpile. The International Coordinating Group on Vaccine Provision, which manages the stockpile, authorized an initial release of 70,000 doses, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention noted.
世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞赞扬了这一举措，并于8月底表示，在经历42天无病例报告的监测期后，乌干达的疫情已结束。根据世卫组织的说法，乌干达共报告20例病例，最后一名患者于7月中旬出院。
WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus praised the move and said at the end of August that Uganda’s outbreak ended after a 42-day monitoring period with no reported cases. Uganda had reported 20 cases, with the last patient discharged from a hospital in mid-July, according to the WHO.
世卫组织表示，刚果民主共和国的应对工作面临多重障碍，包括有限的卫生基础设施、持续的冲突、频繁的人口流动以及民众对政府缺乏信任。
The response effort in DCR has faced several obstacles, including limited health infrastructure, ongoing conflict, frequent population movement and a lack of trust in the government, according to the WHO.
非洲疾病控制与预防中心总干事让·卡塞亚博士主张采取“以村庄为中心的应对”方式，包括提供免费医疗服务、确保教育中心安全复课以及加强跨境沟通。
Dr. Jean Kaseya, the director-general for the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, has advocated for a “village-centered response” to the outbreak, including offering free healthcare services, ensuring the safe reopening of education centers and strengthening cross-border communication.