中国去年研发投入增长8.2%，受基础科学和高校经费双位数增长推动，与美国研究部门普遍出现的深度预算削减形成鲜明对比。
China’s R&D investment grew by 8.2 per cent last year – fuelled by double-digit growth in fundamental science and university funding – in sharp contrast with deep budget cuts across the US research sector.
国家统计局周五发布数据时表示，2025年研究与试验发展总投入达到3.9万亿元人民币（约合5830亿美元），“保持稳步增长的态势”。
Total investment in research and experimental development crossed 3.9 trillion yuan (US$583 billion) in 2025, “maintaining a trajectory of steady growth”, the National Bureau of Statistics said when releasing the data on Friday.
新华社周五指出，截至2025年的五年内，中国研发支出年均增长10%，位居世界主要经济体前列。
State news agency Xinhua noted on Friday that in the five years to 2025, China’s R&D spending grew at an average annual rate of 10 per cent, placing it at the forefront of the world’s major economies.
周五的数据显示，中国在研发总支出方面仅次于美国，超过德国3.4倍，超过日本3.5倍。
Friday’s data puts China behind only the United States in total research and development expenditure, outspending Germany by 3.4 times and Japan by 3.5 times.
值得注意的是，在中国基础研究和高校经费大幅增加之际，美国正在显著削减政府对科研的支持。
Notably, China has seen substantial increases in funding for basic research and higher education at a time when the US is significantly scaling back government support.
在三类研发支出中，基础研究增速最快，同比增长13.3%，高于应用研究和试验发展。然而，基础研究总投入为2834.6亿元人民币，仅占全国研发总投入的7%左右。
Basic research grew the fastest among the three R&D categories – outpacing both applied research and experimental development with a 13.3 per cent year-on-year increase. However, at 283.46 billion yuan, the total allocated amount accounted for just over 7 per cent of the overall national figure.
高校研发支出达到3407亿元人民币，较2024年增长11%。
R&D spending by higher education institutions reached 340.7 billion yuan, rising by 11 per cent from 2024.
与此同时，特朗普总统任内启动的美国科研经费普遍削减仍在继续。
Meanwhile, sweeping cuts to scientific research funding initiated under President Donald Trump continue in the US.
哈佛商学院本月早些时候的一篇文章称，特朗普政府在2025年初冻结或终止了约30亿美元的美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）拨款，影响约3800个项目。
A Harvard Business School article earlier this month said the Trump administration had frozen or terminated some US$3 billion in National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants in early 2025, affecting about 3,800 projects.
该政府提出的2026年预算计划将NIH支出削减39%，国家科学基金会经费削减55%。作为回应，多所高校宣布削减博士项目，部分院校已裁员。
The administration’s proposed 2026 budget calls for reducing NIH spending by 39 per cent and cutting National Science Foundation funding by 55 per cent. In response, multiple universities have announced cuts to doctoral programmes, and some have laid off staff.
在中国，科技部长尹和军上月概述了加强基础科学研究的计划，并将其描述为实现技术突破、提升国家安全以及应对其他战略优先事项的关键。
Over in China, Science and Technology Minister Yin Hejun last month outlined plans to strengthen basic scientific research, describing this as essential for achieving technological breakthroughs, boosting national security and addressing other strategic priorities.
尹和军表示，北京将进一步加大力度，解决半导体、工业机械和高端仪器等关键领域的瓶颈问题。人工智能、量子技术、生物技术和脑机接口等前沿技术的研究也将获得更大支持，因为中国正寻求在新兴领域中获得竞争优势。
Beijing will further intensify efforts to resolve bottlenecks in critical sectors such as semiconductors, industrial machinery and high-end instruments, according to Yin. Research into frontier technologies – including artificial intelligence, quantum technology, biotechnology and brain-computer interfaces – will also receive greater support as China seeks a competitive edge in emerging fields.
在研发投入强度方面，中国2025年的研发支出占国内生产总值的2.8%，继续保持快速增长态势。全球排名第12位，首次超过经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的平均水平。
In terms of investment intensity, China’s R&D expenditure reached 2.8 per cent of gross domestic product in 2025, continuing a rapid upward trend. Ranking 12th globally, it surpassed the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development or OECD average for the first time.
去年，企业部门推动了中国研发投入的主要部分，企业支出首次突破3万亿元人民币，占总投入的77%以上。政府所属科研机构、高校及其他单位承担了剩余部分。
The corporate sector drove the bulk of China’s R&D investment last year, with enterprise spending crossing 3 trillion yuan for the first time to make up over 77 per cent of the total. Government-affiliated research institutions, universities and other entities accounted for the rest.
研发支出高度集中在中国的发达沿海省份和一线城市。广东、江苏、浙江和山东四省，以及上海和北京，每地的研发投入均超过2000亿元人民币。
The spending was heavily concentrated in China’s developed coastal provinces and tier one cities. The provinces of Guangdong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shandong, alongside Shanghai and Beijing, each recorded R&D investments exceeding 200 billion yuan.
在今年3月的年度立法会议期间，中央政府将科学经费同比增加10%。
During the annual legislative sessions in March, the central government boosted science funding by 10 per cent year-on-year.
这一增幅在政府主要支出领域中最大，超过了国防、外交、公共安全和教育。
It marked the largest percentage increase among the government’s major spending areas, outpacing defence, diplomacy, public security and education.