东京，10月21日电：日本央行副行长冰见野良三周三表示，日本的潜在通胀已相当接近央行2%的目标，且金融环境依然宽松，暗示已准备好上调借贷成本。
TOKYO, Oct 21 : Japan's underlying inflation is quite close to the central bank's 2 per cent target and financial conditions remain loose, Deputy Bank of Japan Governor Ryozo Himino said on Wednesday, signalling readiness to raise borrowing costs.
这一表态强化了市场预期，即日本央行最快可能在12月加息，凸显了央行的观点：过去的加息尚未收紧金融环境，因此仍有进一步加息的空间。
The remarks reinforce market expectations that the BOJ will likely raise rates as soon as December, highlighting the central bank's view that its past rate hikes have yet to tighten financial conditions, leaving scope for further increases.
冰见野在国会表示，虽然燃料和原材料成本上涨推高了物价，但旺盛的全球人工智能需求也通过提振出口和资本支出，对物价构成了上行压力。
While rising fuel and raw material costs are pushing up prices, brisk global AI demand is also putting upward pressure on prices by boosting exports and capital expenditure, Himino told parliament.
冰见野说：“鉴于中长期通胀预期持续升温，潜在通胀已相当接近2%，并有望收敛至与我们的物价目标一致的水平。”
"Given medium- and long-term inflation expectations continue to heighten, underlying inflation is quite close to 2 per cent and will likely converge to levels consistent with our price target," Himino said.
他说：“即使在上个月加息后，金融环境依然宽松”，这从实际借贷成本仍处低位以及银行贷款强劲增长可见一斑。
"Even after last month's rate hike, financial conditions remain accommodative" as seen in still-low real borrowing costs and strong growth in bank lending, he said.
冰见野称：“鉴于通胀风险较高，推迟必要的货币支持调整可能使此类风险具体化，并在长期内损害经济”，呼吁有必要继续加息。
"Given that inflation risks are high, delaying necessary adjustment to monetary support could materialise such risks and hurt the economy in the long run," Himino said, calling for the need to continue raising interest rates.
财政与货币政策的矛盾 日本央行上月将关键利率上调至1.25%，创31年新高，标志着其进入防止潜在通胀超调目标、并提升收紧政策前景的阶段。
FISCAL, MONETARY CONTRADICTION The BOJ raised its key rate to a 31-year high of 1.25 per cent last month, signalling its entry into a phase focused on preventing underlying inflation from overshooting its target and raising the prospect of tighter policy.
日本央行行长植田和男曾警告，受中东冲突、日元疲软和旺盛的AI需求推动物价上涨影响，潜在通胀——即剔除临时性、一次性因素后的广泛价格趋势——可能超调其2%的目标。
BOJ Governor Kazuo Ueda has warned that underlying inflation, or the broad price trend stripping away temporary, one-off factors, may overshoot its 2 per cent target on price pressures from the Middle East conflict, a weak yen and brisk AI demand.
植田还表示，日本央行将审视金融环境变化的迹象，以判断目前为1.25%的政策利率，距离被视为对经济中性的水平有多近。
Ueda has also said the BOJ will scrutinise signs of change in financial conditions for clues on how close its policy rate, now at 1.25 per cent, is to levels deemed neutral to the economy.
据消息人士向路透社透露，虽然日本央行预计将在10月30日结束的为期两天的会议上维持利率不变，但可能会上调对下一财年的通胀预期，并继续关注不断上升的通胀风险。
While the BOJ is expected to keep rates steady at its two-day meeting ending on October 30, it may raise its inflation outlook for the next fiscal year and maintain its focus on mounting inflationary risks, sources have told Reuters.
一些分析师警告称，首相高市早苗的减税和大规模支出计划可能会刺激需求和物价上涨，从而阻碍日本央行遏制通胀的努力。
Some analysts warn the BOJ's efforts to tame inflation might be hampered by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's tax cut and big spending plans, which could boost demand and price growth.
共同社周三报道，政府将考虑在冬季推出新一轮电力和天然气补贴，以缓冲取暖费上涨给家庭带来的冲击。
The government will consider introducing a new round of electricity and gas subsidies during the winter to cushion the blow to households from rising heating bills, Kyodo news agency reported on Wednesday.
在同一议会会议上，财务大臣片山沙月表示，减税通过刺激需求通常会推高通胀，这属实。
Speaking at the same parliamentary session, Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama said it was true that tax cuts generally work to push up inflation by stimulating demand.
“但我们将确保我们负责任且积极的财政政策，以不加速通胀的方式提升日本的供给能力，”片山说。
"But we will ensure that our responsible and proactive fiscal policy boosts Japan's supply capacity in a way that does not accelerate inflation," Katayama said.